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Wikide-l Mailing list in German. Practicing Tantra is to walk our talk. Bill Tancer Global Manager, Hitwise , March 25, 2012, at the.

A team at the attributed this slowing of growth to the project's increasing exclusivity and resistance to change. For instance, Meta-Wiki provides important statistics on all language editions of Wikipedia, and it maintains a list of articles every Wikipedia should have. However, Tantra is not licentious. Citing fears of and lack of control in , users of the from Wikipedia to create the in February 2002.

TantraDisco Tantra Disco Zürich vom 12.12.2018 - Are there common elements in its practice, if it has any? After some editors who volunteer to maintain the site argued that the decision to delete had been made hastily, Wales voluntarily gave up some of the powers he had held up to that time as part of his co-founder status.

It is the largest and most popular general reference work on theand is one of the most popular websites by rank. It is owned and supported by thea that operates on money it receives from donors. Wikipedia was launched on January 15, 2001, by and. Initially an English-language encyclopedia, tantra treffen in other languages were quickly developed. Withthe is the largest of the more than 290 Wikipedia encyclopedias. Overall, Wikipedia comprises more than 40 million articles in 301 different languages tantra treffen by February 2014 it had reached 18 billion page views and nearly 500 million unique visitors per month. In 2005, published a peer review comparing 42 science articles from and Wikipedia and found that Wikipedia's level of accuracy approached that of Britannica. tantra treffen In 2017, announced that it would help readers detect by suitable links to Wikipedia articles. Wikipedia originally developed from another encyclopedia project called Nupedia Other collaborative online encyclopedias were attempted before Wikipedia, but none were as successful. Wikipedia began as a complementary project for Nupedia, a free online English-language encyclopedia project whose articles were written by experts and reviewed under a formal process. It was founded on March 9, 2000, under the ownership ofa company. Nupedia was initially licensed under its own Nupedia License, but even before Wikipedia was founded, Nupedia switched to the at the urging of. Wales is credited with defining the goal of making a publicly editable encyclopedia, while Sanger is credited with the strategy of using a to reach that goal. External audioIdeas with, January 15, 2014 Launch and early growth The wikipedia. Otherwise, there were relatively few rules initially and Wikipedia operated tantra treffen of Nupedia. Originally, Bomis intended to make Wikipedia a business for profit. Wikipedia gained early contributors from Nupedia, postings, and indexing. Language editions were also created, with a total of 161 by the end of 2004. Nupedia and Wikipedia coexisted until the former's servers were taken down permanently in 2003, and its text was incorporated into Wikipedia. The passed the mark of two million articles on September 9, 2007, making it the largest encyclopedia ever assembled, surpassing the 1408which had held the record for almost 600 years. Citing fears of and lack of control inusers of the from Wikipedia to create the in February 2002. These moves encouraged Wales to announce that Wikipedia would not display advertisements, and to change Wikipedia's domain from wikipedia. Though the English Wikipedia reached three million articles in August 2009, the growth of the edition, in terms of the numbers of new articles and of contributors, appears to have peaked around early 2007. Around 1,800 articles were added daily to the encyclopedia in 2006; by 2013 that average was roughly 800. A team at the attributed this slowing of growth to the project's increasing exclusivity and resistance to change. In November 2009, a researcher at the in found that the English Wikipedia had lost 49,000 editors during the first three months of 2009; in comparison, the project lost only 4,900 editors during the same period in 2008. The Wall Street Journal cited the array of rules applied to editing and disputes related to such content among the reasons for this trend. Wales disputed these claims in 2009, denying the decline and questioning the methodology of the study. The article revealed that since 2007, Wikipedia had lost a third of the volunteer editors who update and correct the online encyclopedia and those still there have focused increasingly on minutiae. In July 2012, reported that the number of administrators is also in decline. A promotional video of the Wikimedia Foundation that encourages viewers to edit Wikipedia, mostly reviewing 2014 via Wikipedia content Milestones In January 2007, Wikipedia entered for the first time the top-ten in the U. This marked a significant increase over January 2006, when the rank was number 33, with Wikipedia receiving around 18. As of March 2015Wikipedia has rank 5 among websites in terms of popularity according to. In 2014, it received 8 billion pageviews every month. More than 162 million people viewed the blackout explanation page that temporarily replaced Wikipedia content. There was a decline of about 2 billion between December 2012 and December 2013. Its most popular versions are leading the slide: page-views of the English Wikipedia declined by 12 per cent, those of German version slid by 17 per cent and the Japanese version lost 9 per cent. Openness Differences between versions of an article are highlighted as shown Unlike traditional encyclopedias, Wikipedia follows the principle regarding the security of its content. It started almost entirely open—anyone could create articles, and any Wikipedia article could be edited by any reader, even tantra treffen who did not have a Wikipedia account. Modifications to all articles would be published immediately. As a result, any article could contain inaccuracies such as errors, ideological biases, and nonsensical or irrelevant text. Restrictions Due to the increasing popularity of Wikipedia, some editions, including the English version, have introduced editing restrictions in some cases. For instance, on the English Wikipedia and some other language editions, only registered users may create a new article. A frequently vandalized article can be ormeaning that only or editors are able to modify it. A particularly contentious article may be locked so that only are able to make changes. In certain cases, all editors are allowed to submit modifications, but review is required for some editors, depending on certain conditions. Under this system, new and unregistered users' edits to certain controversial or vandalism-prone tantra treffen are reviewed by established users before they are published. The editing interface of Wikipedia Review of changes Although changes are not systematically reviewed, the software that powers Wikipedia provides certain tools allowing tantra treffen to review changes made by others. On most articles, anyone can undo tantra treffen changes by clicking a link on the article's history page. Anyone can view the to articles, and anyone may maintain a of articles that interest them so they can be notified of any changes. Vandalism Main article: Any change or edit that manipulates content in a way that purposefully compromises the integrity of Wikipedia is considered vandalism. The most common and obvious types of vandalism include additions of obscenities and crude humor. Vandalism can also include advertising and other types of spam. Sometimes editors commit vandalism by removing content or entirely blanking a given page. Less common types of vandalism, such as the deliberate addition of plausible but false information to an article, can be more difficult to detect. Vandals can introduce irrelevant formatting, modify page semantics such as the page's title or categorization, manipulate the underlying code of an article, or use images disruptively. American journalist 1927—2014subject of the Obvious vandalism is generally easy to remove from Wikipedia articles; the median time to detect and fix vandalism is a few minutes. However, some vandalism takes much longer to repair. In thean anonymous editor introduced false information into the biography of American political figure in May 2005. Seigenthaler was falsely presented as a suspect in the assassination of John F. The article remained uncorrected for four months. Seigenthaler, the founding editorial director of and founder of the atcalled Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales and asked whether he had any way of knowing who contributed the misinformation. Wales replied that he did not, although the perpetrator was eventually traced. This incident led to policy changes at Wikipedia, specifically targeted at tightening up the verifiability of. Policies and laws External video,20 minutes, April 5, 2015, co-founder Jimmy Wales at Content in Wikipedia is subject to the laws in particular, laws of the United States and of the U. Beyond legal matters, the editorial principles of Wikipedia are embodied in the and in numerous intended to appropriately shape content. Even these rules are stored in wiki form, and Wikipedia editors write and revise the website's policies and guidelines. Editors can by deleting or modifying non-compliant material. Originally, rules on the non-English editions of Wikipedia were based on a translation of the rules for the English Wikipedia. They have since diverged to some extent. Content policies and guidelines According to the rules on the English Wikipedia, each entry in Wikipedia must be about a topic that is and is not a dictionary entry or dictionary-like. A topic should also meetwhich generally means that the topic must have been covered in mainstream media or major academic journal sources that are independent of the article's subject. Further, Wikipedia intends to convey only knowledge that is already established and recognized. A claim that is likely to be challenged requires a reference to a. This can at times lead to the removal of information that, though valid, is not properly sourced. Finally, Wikipedia must not take sides. All opinions and viewpoints, if attributable to external sources, must enjoy an appropriate share of coverage within an article. Governance Further information: Wikipedia's initial integrated and hierarchical elements over time. An article is not considered to be owned by its creator or any other editor, nor tantra treffen the subject of the article. Wikipedia's contributors avoid a behaving contrary to the common good by internalizing benefits. They do this by experiencing i. Despite the name, administrators are not supposed to enjoy any special privilege in decision-making; instead, their powers are mostly limited to making edits that have project-wide effects and thus are disallowed to ordinary editors, and to implement restrictions intended to prevent certain persons from making disruptive edits such as vandalism. Fewer editors become administrators than in years past, in part because the process of vetting potential Wikipedia administrators has become more rigorous. Bureaucrats name new administrators, solely upon the recommendations from the community. Dispute resolution Wikipedians often have disputes regarding tantra treffen, which may result in repeatedly making opposite changes to tantra treffen article, known as. Over time, Wikipedia has developed a semi-formal dispute resolution process to assist in such circumstances. In order to determine community consensus, editors can raise issues at appropriate community forums, or seek outside input through or by initiating a more general community discussion known as a. Arbitration Committee Main article: The Arbitration Committee presides over the ultimate dispute resolution process. Although disputes usually arise from a disagreement between two opposing views on how an article should read, the Arbitration Tantra treffen explicitly refuses to directly rule on the specific view that should be adopted. Statistical analyses suggest that the committee ignores the content of disputes and rather focuses on the way disputes are conducted, functioning not so much to resolve disputes and make peace between conflicting editors, but to weed out problematic editors while allowing potentially productive editors back in to participate. Therefore, the committee does not dictate the content of articles, although it sometimes condemns content changes when it deems the new content violates Wikipedia policies for example, if the new content is considered. Its remedies include cautions and used in 63% of cases and 43%subject matters 23%or Wikipedia 16%. Complete bans from Wikipedia are generally limited to instances of impersonation and. When conduct is not impersonation or anti-social, but rather anti-consensus or in violation of editing policies, remedies tend to be limited to warnings. Community Wikipedians and curators collaborate on the article in June 2010 Wikipedia's community has been described as -like, although not always with entirely negative connotations. Wikipedians sometimes award one another for good work. These personalized tokens of appreciation reveal a wide range of valued work extending far beyond simple editing to include social support, administrative actions, and types of articulation work. Wikipedia does not require tantra treffen its editors and contributors provide identification. The English Tantra treffen has articles, registered editors, and active editors. An editor is considered active if they have made one or more edits in the tantra treffen thirty days. Editors who fail to comply with Wikipedia cultural rituals, such asmay implicitly signal that they are Wikipedia outsiders, increasing the odds that Wikipedia insiders may target or discount their contributions. And in fact the most active 2%, which is 1400 people, have done 73. A 2008 study found that Wikipedians were less agreeable, open, and conscientious than others, although a later commentary pointed out serious flaws, including that the data showed higher openness and that the differences with the control group and the samples were small. Diversity Several studies have shown that most of the Wikipedia contributors are male. Notably, the results of a Wikimedia Foundation survey in 2008 showed that only 13% of Wikipedia editors were female. Because of this, universities throughout the United States tried to encourage females to become Wikipedia contributors. Similarly, many of these universities, including andgave college credit to students who create or edit an article relating to women in science or technology. Language editions Main article: There are currently 301 language editions of Wikipedia also called language versions, or simply Wikipedias. Fifteen of these have over one million articles each,,,andfour more have over 500,000 articles, and40 more have over 100,000 articles, and 78 more have over 10,000 articles. The largest, the English Wikipedia, has over 5. As of January 2019according to Alexa, the English en. As of January 2019, the six largest language editions are in order of article count the,and Wikipedias. A graph for pageviews of shows a great drop of roughly 80 % immediately after the was imposed in 2017. Since Wikipedia is based on the and therefore worldwide, contributors to the same language edition may use different dialects or may come from different countries as is the case for the. These differences may lead to some conflicts over e. Though each language edition functions more or less independently, some efforts are made to supervise them all. They are coordinated in part by Meta-Wiki, the Wikimedia Foundation's wiki devoted to maintaining all of its projects Wikipedia and others. For instance, Meta-Wiki provides important statistics on all language editions of Wikipedia, and it maintains a list of articles every Wikipedia should have. The list concerns basic content by subject: biography, history, geography, society, culture, science, technology, and mathematics. It is not rare for articles strongly related to a particular language not to have counterparts in another edition. For example, articles about small towns in the United States might only be available in English, even when they meet notability criteria of other language Wikipedia projects. Estimation of contributions shares from different regions in the world to different Wikipedia editions Translated articles represent only a small portion of articles in most editions, in part because those edition do not allow fully automated translation of articles. A study published by in 2012 also estimated the share of contributions to different editions of Wikipedia from different regions of the world. It reported that the proportion of the edits made from was 51% for theand 25% for the. The Wikimedia Foundation hopes to increase the number of editors in the Global South to 37% by 2015. The Economist reported that the number of contributors with an average of five of more edits per month was relatively constant since 2008 for Wikipedia in other languages at approximately 42,000 editors within narrow seasonal variances of about 2,000 editors up or down. The attrition rates for editors in English Wikipedia, by sharp comparison, were cited as peaking in 2007 at approximately 50,000 editors, which has dropped to 30,000 editors as of the start of 2014. At the quoted trend rate, the number of active editors in English Wikipedia has lost approximately 20,000 editors to attrition since 2007, and the documented trend rate indicates the loss of another 20,000 editors by 2021, down to 10,000 active editors on English Wikipedia by 2021 if left unabated. Given that the trend analysis published in The Economist presents the number of active editors for Wikipedia in other languages non-English Wikipedia as remaining relatively constant and successful in sustaining its numbers at approximately 42,000 active editors, the contrast has pointed to the effectiveness of Wikipedia in other languages to retain its active editors on a renewable and sustained basis. No comment was made concerning which of the differentiated edit policy standards from Wikipedia in other languages non-English Wikipedia would provide a possible alternative to English Wikipedia for effectively ameliorating substantial editor attrition rates on the English-language Wikipedia. Reception This section needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. March 2018 Several Wikipedians havewhich includes over 50 policies and nearly 150,000 words as of 2014. Critics have stated that Wikipedia exhibits. Articles in and have criticized Wikipedia's policy, concluding that the fact that Wikipedia explicitly is not designed to provide correct information about a subject, but rather focus on all the major viewpoints on the subject and give less attention to minor ones, creates omissions that can lead to false beliefs based on incomplete information. A 2008 article in Journal concluded that as a resource about controversial topics, Wikipedia is subject to manipulation and. In 2006, the Wikipedia Watch criticism website listed dozens of examples of in the English Wikipedia. Accuracy of content Main article: Articles for traditional encyclopedias such as are carefully and deliberately written by experts, lending such encyclopedias a reputation for accuracy. However, he also cautions that errors are frequently found on Internet sites, and that academics and experts must be vigilant in correcting them. Critics argue that Wikipedia's open nature and a lack of proper sources for most of the information makes it unreliable. Some commentators suggest that Wikipedia may be reliable, but that the reliability of any given article is not clear. Editors of traditional such as the Encyclopædia Britannica have questioned the project's and status as an encyclopedia. External video, 7:13 mins Wikipedia's open structure inherently makes it an easy target for Internet, and various forms of paid advocacy seen as counterproductive to the maintenance of a neutral and verifiable online encyclopedia. In response to and undisclosed editing issues, Wikipedia was reported in an article in The Wall Street Journal, to have strengthened its rules and laws against undisclosed editing. Discouragement in education Most university discourage students from citing any encyclopedia inpreferring ; some specifically prohibit Wikipedia citations. Wales stresses that encyclopedias of any type are not usually appropriate to use as citable sources, and should not be relied upon as authoritative. Wales once 2006 or earlier said he receives about ten weekly from students saying they got failing grades on papers because they cited Wikipedia; he told the students they got what they deserved. In February 2007, an article in newspaper reported that a few of the professors at were including Wikipedia articles in theiralthough without realizing the articles might change. For instance, when contributors rewrite small portions of an entry rather than making full-length revisions, high- and low-quality content may be intermingled within an entry. To assess Wikipedia articles it can be used various quality measures related to,tantra treffen. Coverage of topics tantra treffen systemic bias Parts of this article those related to need to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. March 2017 Wikipedia seeks to create a summary of all human knowledge in the form of an online encyclopedia, with each topic covered encyclopedically in one article. Since it has of disk space, it can have far more topics than can be covered by any printed encyclopedia. The exact degree and manner of coverage on Wikipedia is under constant review by its editors, and disagreements are not uncommon see. Wikipedia contains materials that tantra treffen people may find objectionable, offensive, or pornographic because. The policy has sometimes proved controversial: in 2008, Wikipedia rejected an online petition against the inclusion of in the of its article, citing this policy. The presence of politically, religiously, and pornographically sensitive materials in Wikipedia has led to the by national authorities inand amongst other countries. A 2011 study conducted by researchers at the indicated that male and female editors focus on different coverage topics. There was a greater concentration of females in the People and Tantra treffen category, while males focus more on Geography and Science. Coverage of topics and selection bias Research conducted by Mark Graham of the in 2009 indicated that the geographic distribution of article topics is highly uneven. Across 30 language editions of Wikipedia, historical articles and sections are generally Eurocentric and focused on recent events. An editorial in in 2014 noted that are better covered than as a further example. Data has also shown that Africa-related material often faces omission; a knowledge gap that a July 2018 Wikimedia conference in sought to address. Systemic bias When multiple editors contribute to one topic or set of topics, may arise, due to the demographic backgrounds of the editors. In 2011, Wales noted that the unevenness of coverage is a reflection of the demography of the editors, which predominantly consists of highly educated young males in the developed world see previously. It may more specifically follow the biases ofinclining to being young, male, English-speaking, educated, technologically aware, and wealthy enough to spare time for editing. Biases of its own may include over-emphasis on topics such as pop culture, technology, and current events. His research examined the of edit warring. The results were tabulated for several language versions of Wikipedia. The English Wikipedia's three largest conflict rates belonged to the articlesand. By comparison, for the German Wikipedia, the three largest conflict rates at the time of the study were for the articles covering iii and iii. Researchers from the developed a statistical model to measure systematic bias in the behavior of Wikipedia's users regarding controversial topics. The authors focused on behavioral changes of the encyclopedia's administrators after assuming the post, writing that systematic bias occurred after the fact. For the government censorship of Wikipedia, see. For Wikipedia's policy concerning censorship, see Wikipedia has been criticized for allowing information of graphic content. Articles depicting what some critics have called objectionable content such as, tantra treffen,and contain graphic pictures and detailed information easily available to anyone with access to the internet, including children. The site also includes such as images and videos of and, and photos from films in its articles. The Wikipedia article about —a 1976 album from —features a picture of the album's original cover, which depicts a naked girl. The original release cover caused controversy and was replaced in some countries. In April 2010, Sanger wrote a letter to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, outlining his concerns that two categories of images on contained child pornography, and were in violation of. That law bans photographic child pornography and cartoon images and drawings of children that are. Sanger also expressed concerns about access to the images on Wikipedia in schools. If we did, we would remove it. After some editors who volunteer to maintain the site argued that the decision to delete had been made hastily, Wales voluntarily gave up some of the powers he had held up to that time as part of his co-founder status. Critics, includingnoticed that many of the pornographic images deleted from Wikipedia since 2010 have reappeared. A particular problem occurs in the case of an individual who is relatively unimportant and for whom there exists a Wikipedia page against her or his wishes. Tantra treffen February 9, 2006, the injunction against Wikimedia Deutschland was overturned, with the court rejecting the notion that Tron's or that of his parents was being violated. This is used, for example, in confirming the permission for using individual images and other media in the project. Sexism Main article: Wikipedia has been described as harboring a battleground culture of and. The perceived toxic attitudes and tolerance of violent and abusive language are also reasons put forth for the gender gap in Wikipedia editors. Operation Wikimedia Foundation and Wikimedia movement affiliates is the third executive director at Wikimedia, following the departure of in 2016. Wikipedia is hosted and funded by thea non-profit organization which also operates Wikipedia-related projects such as and. The foundation relies on public contributions and grants to fund its mission. In May 2014, Wikimedia Foundation named as its second executive director, taking over for Sue Gardner. We are reinforcing that paid advocacy is not welcome. Maher has stated that one of her priorities would be the issue of editor harassment endemic to Wikipedia as identified by the Wikipedia board in December. These include tantra treffen are national or sub-national organizations, such as Wikimedia Deutschland and Wikimédia Francethematic organizations such as Amical Wikimedia for the communityand user groups. These affiliates participate in the promotion, development, and funding of Wikipedia. Software operations and support See also: The operation of Wikipedia depends ona custom-made, and platform written in and built upon the database system. The software incorporates programming features such as a, a system forand. MediaWiki is licensed under the and it is used by all Wikimedia projects, as well as many other wiki projects. Originally, Wikipedia ran on written in by Clifford Adams Phase Iwhich initially required for article hyperlinks; the present double bracket style was incorporated later. Several MediaWiki extensions are installed to extend the functionality of the MediaWiki software. In April 2005, a extension was added to MediaWiki's built-in search and Wikipedia switched from to Lucene for searching. The site currently uses Lucene Search 2. The feature was changed from opt-out to opt-in afterward. Automated editing Computer programs called have been used widely to perform simple and repetitive tasks, such as correcting common misspellings and stylistic issues, or to start articles such as geography entries in a standard format from statistical data. One controversial contributor massively creating articles with his bot was reported to create up to ten thousand articles on the Swedish Wikipedia on certain days. There are also some bots designed to automatically notify editors when they make common editing errors such as unmatched quotes or unmatched parentheses. Edits misidentified by a bot as the work of a banned editor can be restored by other editors. Bots on Wikipedia must be approved prior to activation. According tothe current expansion of Wikipedia to millions of articles would be difficult to envision without the use of such bots. Hardware operations and support See also: Wikipedia receives between 25,000 and 60,000 page requests per second, depending on time of day. As of 2008page requests are first passed to a front-end tantra treffen of caching servers. Requests that cannot be served from the Squid cache are sent to load-balancing servers running the software, which in turn pass them to one of the Apache web servers for page rendering from the database. The web servers deliver pages as requested, performing page rendering for all the language editions of Wikipedia. To increase speed further, rendered pages are cached in a distributed memory cache until invalidated, allowing page rendering to be skipped entirely for most common page accesses. Overview of system architecture as of December 2010 Wikipedia currently runs on dedicated of servers mainly. As of December 2009there were 300 in Florida and 44 in. By January 22, 2013, Tantra treffen had migrated its primary data center to an facility in. Internal research and operational development In accordance with growing amounts of incoming donations exceeding seven digits in 2013 as recently reported, the Foundation has reached a threshold of assets which qualify its consideration under the principles of economics to indicate the need for the re-investment of donations into the internal research and development of the Foundation. The estimates for reinvestment by industrial organizations into internal research and development was studied by Adam Jaffe, who recorded that the range of 4% to 25% annually was to be recommended, with high end technology requiring the higher level of support for internal reinvestment. At the 2013 level of contributions for Wikimedia presently documented as 45 million tantra treffen, the computed budget level recommended by Jaffe and Caballero for reinvestment into internal research and development is between 1. Internal news publications Community-produced news publications include thefounded in 2005 by Michael Snow, an attorney, Wikipedia administrator and former chair of the board of trustees. It covers news and events from the site, as well as major events from othersuch as. Similar publications are the German-languageand the Portuguese-language. There are also a number of publications tantra treffen the Wikimedia Foundation and multilingual publications such as the and. In December 2002, the was released: it was specifically designed for creative works in general, not just for software manuals. The license gained popularity among bloggers and others distributing creative works on the Web. The Wikipedia project sought the switch to the Creative Commons. In April 2009, Wikipedia and its sister projects held a community-wide referendum which decided the switch in June 2009. The handling of media files e. Some language editions, such as the English Wikipedia, include non-free image files under doctrine, while the others have opted not to, in part because of the lack of fair use doctrines in their home countries e. Media files covered by licenses e. Wikipedia's accommodation of varying international copyright laws regarding images has led some to observe that its photographic coverage of topics lags behind the quality of the encyclopedic text. The Wikimedia Foundation is not a licensor of content, but merely a hosting service for the contributors and licensors of the Wikipedia. This position has been successfully defended in court. Methods of access Because Wikipedia content is distributed under an open license, anyone can reuse or re-distribute it at no charge. The content of Wikipedia has been published in many forms, both online and offline, outside of the Wikipedia website. Another example tantra treffenwhich began to display Wikipedia content in a mobile-device-friendly format before Wikipedia itself did. An English version,contained about 2,000 articles. The Polish-language version contains nearly 240,000 articles. There are German- and Spanish-language versions as well. The project is available online; an equivalent print encyclopedia would require roughly 20 volumes. Since 2009, tens of thousands of books that reproduced English, German, Russian and French Wikipedia articles have been produced by the American company and by three subsidiaries of the German publisher. This is still under development. As of February 2014 it has 15,000,000 items and 1,000 properties for describing them. Obtaining the full contents of Wikipedia for reuse presents challenges, since direct cloning via a is discouraged. Wikipedia publishes of its contents, but these are text-only; as of 2007 there was no dump available of Wikipedia's images. Several languages of Wikipedia also maintain awhere volunteers answer questions from the general public. According to a study by Pnina Shachaf in thethe quality of the Wikipedia reference desk is comparable to a standardwith an accuracy of 55%. Mobile access The mobile version of the English Wikipedia's main page Wikipedia's original medium was for users to read and edit content using any standard through a fixed. Although Wikipedia content has been accessible through the tantra treffen July 2013, The New York Times on February 9, 2014, quoted Erik Möller, deputy director of the Wikimedia Foundation, stating that the transition of internet traffic from desktops to mobile devices was significant and a cause for concern and worry. And the shift to mobile editing has lagged even more. At the time of the Tretikov appointment and her posted web interview with in May 2014, Wikimedia representatives made a technical announcement concerning the number of mobile access systems in the market seeking access to Wikipedia. Directly after the posted web interview, the representatives stated that Wikimedia would be applying an all-inclusive approach to accommodate as many mobile access systems as possible in its efforts for expanding general mobile access, including BlackBerry and the Windows Phone system, making market share a secondary issue. The latest version of the Android app for Wikipedia was released on July 23, 2014, to generally positive reviews, scoring over four of a possible five in a poll of tantra treffen 200,000 users downloading from Google. In June 2007 Wikipedia launchedan official website for wireless devices. In 2009 a newer mobile service was officially released, located atwhich caters to more advanced mobile devices such as the-based devices or -based devices. Several other methods of mobile tantra treffen to Wikipedia have emerged. Many devices and applications optimize or enhance the display of Wikipedia content for mobile devices, while some also incorporate additional features such as use of Wikipedia Seesuch as. Several years running the number of Wikipedia editors has been falling and Tom Simonite of claims the bureaucratic structure and rules are a factor in this. Simonite alleges some use the labyrinthine rules and guidelines to dominate others and those editors have a vested interest in keeping the. Lih alleges there is serious disagreement among tantra treffen contributors how to resolve this. Lih fears for Wikipedia's long term future while Brown fears problems with Wikipedia will remain and rival encyclopedias will not replace it. Cultural impact Trusted source to combat fake news In 2017—18, after a barrage of false news reports, both Facebook and YouTube announced they would rely on Wikipedia to help their users evaluate reports and reject false news. Readership Wikipedia is extremely popular. About 50% of search engine traffic to Wikipedia comes from Google, a good portion of which is related to academic research. The number of readers of Wikipedia worldwide reached 365 million at the end of 2009. Almost half of Wikipedia readers visit the site more than five times a month, and a similar number tantra treffen readers specifically look for Wikipedia in search engine results. About 47% of Wikipedia readers do not realize that Wikipedia is a non-profit organization. Cultural significance inPoland Wikipedia's content has also been used in academic studies, books, conferences, and court cases. Content appearing on Wikipedia has also been cited as a source and referenced in some reports. Wikipedia has also been used as a source in journalism, often without attribution, and several reporters have been dismissed for plagiarizing from Wikipedia. In 2006, recognized Wikipedia's participation along with YouTube, and Facebook in the rapid growth of online collaboration and interaction by millions of people worldwide. In July 2007 Wikipedia was the focus of a 30-minute documentary on which argued that, with increased usage and awareness, the number of references to Wikipedia in popular culture is such that the word is one of a select band of 21st-century nouns that are so familiarFacebook, YouTube that they no longer need explanation. On September 28, 2007, politician raised a parliamentary question with the minister of cultural resources and activities about the necessity of. Already, the presidential entries are being edited, dissected and debated countless times each day. Active participation also has an impact. Law students have been assigned to write Wikipedia articles as an exercise in clear and succinct writing for an uninitiated audience. In 2007, readers of brandchannel. The award was presented to Wales by. In 2015, Wikipedia was awarded both the annualwhich recognizes exceptional contributions to culture, society or social sciences, and the on Tantra treffen Cooperation. Speaking at the Asturian Parliament in Oviedo, the city that hosts the awards ceremony, praised the work of the Wikipedia users. The night of the ceremony, members of the Wikimedia Foundation held a meeting with Wikipedians from all parts of Spain, including the local. Many parodies target Wikipedia's openness and susceptibility to inserted inaccuracies, with characters vandalizing or modifying the online encyclopedia project's tantra treffen. In an episode of the television comedywhich aired in April 2007, an incompetent office manager is shown relying on a hypothetical Wikipedia article for information on tactics in order to assist him in negotiating lesser pay for an employee. Viewers of the show tried to add the episode's mention of the page as a section of the actual Wikipedia article on negotiation, but this effort was prevented by other users on the article's talk page. Some of the sketches were directly inspired by Wikipedia and its articles. In 2010, comedian Daniel Tosh encouraged viewers of his show,to visit the show's Wikipedia article and edit it at will. On a later episode, he commented on the edits to the article, most of them offensive, which had been made by the audience and had prompted the article to be locked from editing. Sister projects — Wikimedia Main article: Wikipedia has also spawned several sister projects, which are also wikis run by the. These other includetantra treffen dictionary project launched in December 2002,a collection of quotations created a week after Wikimedia launched,a collection of collaboratively written free textbooks and annotated texts,a site devoted to tantra treffen multimedia,for citizen journalism, anda project for the creation of free learning materials and the provision tantra treffen online learning activities. Another sister tantra treffen of Wikipedia,is a catalogue of species. In 2012an editable travel guide, andan editable knowledge base, launched. I for one can't imagine anything more frightening. There is also an ongoing debate about the influence of Wikipedia on the biography publishing business. Research use Wikipedia has been widely used as a for linguistic research inand. In 2015, French researchers Dr José Lages tantra treffen the in and Dima Shepelyansky of in published a global university ranking based on Wikipedia scholarly citations. Studies related to Wikipedia has been using and to support various operations. One of the most important areas - automatic detection of vandalism and assessment in Wikipediawhich may include different measures for articles and infoboxes. Related projects A number of interactive multimedia encyclopedias incorporating entries written by the public existed long before Wikipedia was founded. The user interface and part of the content of the Domesday Project were emulated on a website until 2008. Several free-content, collaborative encyclopedias were created around the same period as Wikipedia e. One of the most successful early online encyclopedias incorporating entries by the public waswhich was created by in 1999. The h2g2 encyclopedia is relatively light-hearted, focusing on articles which are both witty and informative. Subsequent collaborative websites have drawn inspiration from Wikipedia. Some, such as,and likewise employ no formal review process, although some like are not as open. Others use more traditionalsuch as and the online wiki encyclopedias and. The latter was started by Sanger in an attempt to create a reliable alternative to Wikipedia. In cooperation with Wikimedia foundation. Archived from on January 14, 2016. Archived from on September 22, 2013. Bill Tancer Global Manager, HitwiseMarch 25, 2012, at the. Archived from on November 11, 2016. Hawaiian Dictionary Revised and enlarged ed. Archived from on June 14, 2018. Archived from on October 11, 2007. Archived from on May 6, 2001. Archived from on April 14, 2003. Archived from on September 27, 2007. Archived from on September 27, 2007. Archived from on March 31, 2001. Archived from on October 6, 2008. The Tantra treffen Press via Amazon Online Reader. The International Symposium on Wikis. July 18, 2014, at the. New York Magazine, issue of November 25, 2013, p. Archived from on June 22, 2018. Archived from on February 16, 2009. Wikide-l Mailing list in German. The Wikipedia's open structure makes it a target for trolls and vandals who malevolently add incorrect information to articles, get other people tied up in endless discussions, and generally do everything to draw attention to themselves. Viégas; Martin Wattenberg; Kushal Dave 2004. Lam; Katherine Panciera; Loren Terveen; John Riedl November 4, 2007. Archived from on December 21, 2012. Archived from on July 8, 2012. Archived from on February 9, 2008. Archived from on August 26, 2014. Namely, as a community, Wikipedia lacks the habit or tradition of respect for expertise. As a community, far from being elitist, it is anti-elitist which, in this context, means that expertise is not accorded any special respect, and snubs and disrespect of expertise is tolerated. This is one of my failures: a policy that I attempted to institute in Wikipedia's first year, but for which I did not muster adequate support, was the policy of respecting and deferring politely to experts. Those who were there will, I hope, remember that I tried very hard. Articulations of wikiwork: uncovering valued work in Wikipedia through barnstars. Archived from on August 3, 2014. Journal on Telecommunications and High Technology Law. The New York Times Company. Alternative edit policies at Wikipedia in other languages. Jemielniak, Common Knowledge, Stanford University Press, 2014. October 11, 2012 April 19, 2016, at the. Archived from on November tantra treffen, 2009. Archived from on January 16, 2016. Archived from on March 18, 2008. Many 2 Many: A Group on Social Software. Archived from on March 16, 2006. Archived from on October 11, 2006. Legal Research in a Nutshell 10th ed. Archived from on November 7, 2007. Archived from on April 21, 2012. December 21, 2012, at the. The Times Higher Education Supplement, 2007, 1799 June 22p. The Atlantic, March 5, 2014. The Journal of American History. Archived from on April 25, 2010. Center for History and New Media. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. April 13, 2016, at the. Musicant; Loren Terveen; John Riedl October 3—5, 2011. Wikipedia tantra treffen about national histories i are skewed towards more recent events recency bias and ii are distributed unevenly across the continents with significant focus on the history of European countries Eurocentric bias. University of Massachusetts — Amherst. Archived from on October 30, 2013. Elsevier Computer Networks 53 11pp. Archived from on January 16, 2013. Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance, 3rd ed. Archived from on March 8, 2013. Archived from on September 9, 2009. Archived from on August 4, 2012. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung in German. Archived from on November 26, 2010. Archived from on July 30, 2008. Archived from on December 14, 2007. Archived from on October 29, 2006. It is particularly popular with the well-educated and current college-age students. Federation of American Scientists Project on Government Secrecy. Archived from on March 12, 2014. Archived from on October 15, 2007. Archived from on March 30, 2009. The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences. Archived from on July 22, 2011. Archived from on February 20, 2007. Archived from on September 15, 2008. Archived from on October 12, 2014. Bertelsmann did not resort to euphemism this week when it announced the end of the Brockhaus encyclopedia brand. Brockhaus had been publishing reference books for two centuries when the media group bought it in 2008. February 18, 2016, at the. Learning to link with Wikipedia. July 17, 2012, at the. In Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on World Wide Web Companion pp. International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee. In European conference on information retrieval pp. Archived from on August 14, 2004. Journal of Telecommunications and High Technology Law. Lam, Katherine Panciera,and. WikiSym '07: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Wikis. How Wikipedia Works: And How You Can Be a Part of It. San Francisco: No Starch Press. See book review by Baker, as listed hereafter. The World and Wikipedia: How We are Editing Reality. Substantial criticisms of Wikipedia and other web 2. Keen, Weekend Edition Saturday, June 16, 2007. Psychological aspects of cyberspace: Theory, research, applications. New Delhi, India: Isha Books reprint. Includes related courses,slides, lecture notes, text tantra treffen, quizzes, glossaries, etc. Webpage includes a link to the archived audio program also. The radio documentary discusses Wikipedia's history, development and its place within the broader scope of the trend to democratized knowledge. It also includes interviews with tantra treffen key Wikipedia staff and contributors, including and audio, 53:58, Flash required. The New York Times Magazine. Jimmy Wales changed the world with Wikipedia, the hugely popular online encyclopedia that anyone can edit. What will he do next?.

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The list concerns basic content by subject: biography, history, geography, society, culture, science, technology, and mathematics. Journal of Telecommunications and High Technology Law. In April 2009, Wikipedia and its sister projects held a community-wide referendum which decided the switch in June 2009. Though the English Wikipedia reached three million articles in August 2009, the growth of the edition, in terms of the numbers of new articles and of contributors, appears to have peaked around early 2007. Lam, Katherine Panciera, , and. The World and Wikipedia: How We are Editing Reality. The policy has sometimes proved controversial: in 2008, Wikipedia rejected an online petition against the inclusion of in the of its article, citing this policy. Vandals can introduce irrelevant formatting, modify page semantics such as the page's title or categorization, manipulate the underlying code of an article, or use images disruptively. The number of readers of Wikipedia worldwide reached 365 million at the end of 2009. Editors of traditional such as the Encyclopædia Britannica have questioned the project's and status as an encyclopedia. Over time, Wikipedia has developed a semi-formal dispute resolution process to assist in such circumstances. Elsevier Computer Networks 53 11 , pp.

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